First appeared in www.scroll.in on August 2, 2014. Gwalior was one of the major centres for the development of dhrupad in the 16th century, but the Gwalior gharana, or school, as we know it today is considered to be the fountainhead of the khayal form. This style was popularised in the 19th century by two brothers, Haddu Khan and Hassu Khan, and later by Haddu Khan’s sons, Chhote Muhammad Khan and Rehmat Khan, the latter of whom died in